EIA Python API Docs | dltHub

EIA is an open data API providing access to energy time-series datasets organized in a tree-like hierarchy. The REST API base URL is https://api.eia.gov/v2 and all requests require an API key passed as a query parameter.

dlt is an open-source Python library that handles authentication, pagination, and schema evolution automatically. dlthub provides AI context files that enable code assistants to generate production-ready pipelines. Install with uv add "dlt[hub]" and start loading EIA data in under 10 minutes.

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What data can I load from EIA?

Here are some of the endpoints you can load from EIA:

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How do I authenticate with the EIA API?

The API uses an API key that must be passed as a query parameter named 'api_key' in every request. The documentation explicitly states that the key is not detected in HTTP headers and must always appear in the URL.

1. Get your credentials

1. Navigate to the EIA Open Data registration page at https://www.eia.gov/opendata/register.php. 2. Provide your email address and any other required information in the registration form. 3. Submit the form. 4. Your unique API key will be sent automatically to the email address you provided. You will use this key for all subsequent API requests.

2. Add them to .dlt/secrets.toml

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[sources.eia_source]
eia_api_key = "your_api_key_here"

dlt reads this automatically at runtime — never hardcode tokens in your pipeline script. For production environments, see setting up credentials with dlt for environment variable and vault-based options.

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How do I set up and run the pipeline?

Set up a virtual environment and install dlt:

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uv init
uv add "dlt[hub]"

1. Install the dlt AI harness:

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uv run dlthub ai init --agent <your-agent> # <agent>: claude | cursor | codex

This installs project rules, a secrets management skill, appropriate ignore files, and configures the dlt MCP server for your agent. Learn more →

2. Install the rest-api-pipeline toolkit:

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uv run dlthub ai toolkit install rest-api-pipeline

This loads the skills and context about dlt the agent uses to build the pipeline iteratively, efficiently, and safely. The agent uses MCP tools to inspect credentials — it never needs to read your secrets.toml directly. Learn more →

3. Start LLM-assisted coding:

Use /find-source to load data from the EIA API into DuckDB.

The rest-api-pipeline toolkit takes over from here — it reads relevant API documentation, presents you with options for which endpoints to load, and follows a structured workflow to scaffold, debug, and validate the pipeline step by step.

4. Run the pipeline:

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uv run python eia_pipeline.py

If everything is configured correctly, you'll see output like this:

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Pipeline eia_pipeline load step completed in 0.26 seconds
1 load package(s) were loaded to destination duckdb and into dataset eia_data
The duckdb destination used duckdb:/eia.duckdb location to store data
Load package 1749667187.541553 is LOADED and contains no failed jobs

Inspect your pipeline and data:

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uv run dlthub show

This opens the Pipeline Dashboard where you can verify pipeline state, load metrics, schema (tables, columns, types), and query the loaded data directly.

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Python pipeline example

This example loads /v2/electricity/retail-sales and /v2/petroleum/ from the EIA API into DuckDB. It mirrors the endpoint and data selector configuration from the table above:

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import dlt
from dlt.sources.rest_api import RESTAPIConfig, rest_api_resources

@dlt.source
def eia_source(api_key=dlt.secrets.value):
    config: RESTAPIConfig = {
        "client": {
            "base_url": "https://api.eia.gov/v2",
            "auth": {"type": "api_key", "api_key": api_key},
        },
        "resources": [
            {"name": "retail_sales", "endpoint": {"path": "v2/electricity/retail-sales/data", "data_selector": "response.data"}},
            {"name": "rto_fuel_type", "endpoint": {"path": "v2/electricity/rto/fuel-type-data/data", "data_selector": "response.data"}}
        ],
    }
    yield from rest_api_resources(config)


def get_data() -> None:
    pipeline = dlt.pipeline(
        pipeline_name="eia_pipeline",
        destination="duckdb",
        dataset_name="eia_data",
    )
    load_info = pipeline.run(eia_source())
    print(load_info)

To add more endpoints, append entries from the resource table to the "resources" list using the same name, path, and data_selector pattern.

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How do I query the loaded data?

Once the pipeline runs, dlt creates one table per resource. You can query with Python or SQL.

Python (pandas DataFrame):

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import dlt

data = dlt.pipeline("eia_pipeline").dataset()
sessions_df = data.rto_fuel_type.df()
print(sessions_df.head())

SQL (DuckDB example):

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SELECT * FROM eia_data.rto_fuel_type LIMIT 10;

In a marimo or Jupyter notebook:

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import dlt

data = dlt.pipeline("eia_pipeline").dataset()
data.rto_fuel_type.df().head()

See how to explore your data in marimo Notebooks and how to query your data in Python with dataset.

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What destinations can I load EIA data to?

dlt supports loading into any of these destinations — only the destination parameter changes:

Change the destination in dlt.pipeline(destination="snowflake") and add credentials in .dlt/secrets.toml. See the full destinations list.

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Next steps

Continue your data engineering journey with the other toolkits of the dltHub AI harness:

• data-exploration — Build custom notebooks, charts, and dashboards for deeper analysis with marimo notebooks.
• dlthub-platform — Deploy, schedule, and monitor your pipeline in production.

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uv run dlthub ai toolkit install data-exploration
uv run dlthub ai toolkit install dlthub-platform

• How to deploy a pipeline
• How to explore your data in marimo Notebooks
• How to query your data in Python with dataset
• Join the dlt community on Slack