gspread Python API Docs | dltHub

gspread is a Python library for Google Sheets API v4. It allows reading, writing, and formatting cell ranges. The latest API documentation is available at https://docs.gspread.org/en/v5.10.0/api/. The REST API base URL is https://sheets.googleapis.com/v4 and All requests require OAuth2 credentials; requests use a Bearer access token in the Authorization header..

dlt is an open-source Python library that handles authentication, pagination, and schema evolution automatically. dlthub provides AI context files that enable code assistants to generate production-ready pipelines. Install with uv pip install "dlt[workspace]" and start loading gspread data in under 10 minutes.

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What data can I load from gspread?

Here are some of the endpoints you can load from gspread:

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How do I authenticate with the gspread API?

Use OAuth2 (user OAuth client or service account). Obtain an access token and send it in the HTTP header Authorization: Bearer <ACCESS_TOKEN>.

1. Get your credentials

1. For service account (recommended for server-to-server):
   • In Google Cloud Console create or select a project > APIs & Services > Library and enable Google Sheets API.
   • Create a Service Account (IAM & Admin > Service Accounts).
   • Create and download a JSON key for the service account. Use that JSON to obtain OAuth2 access tokens (or use google-auth libraries to create credentials and obtain tokens).
   • Share the target spreadsheet with the service account email if required.
2. For user OAuth:
   • In Cloud Console enable Google Sheets API, create OAuth 2.0 Client ID credentials, configure OAuth consent screen.
   • Run the OAuth flow (local server or console) to obtain access and refresh tokens; store refresh token for long-lived access.

2. Add them to .dlt/secrets.toml

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[sources.gspread_source]
access_token = "ya29.a0..."
# alternatively store service account JSON and load it in code; example key line:
service_account_file = "/path/to/service_account.json"

dlt reads this automatically at runtime — never hardcode tokens in your pipeline script. For production environments, see setting up credentials with dlt for environment variable and vault-based options.

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How do I set up and run the pipeline?

Set up a virtual environment and install dlt:

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uv venv && source .venv/bin/activate
uv pip install "dlt[workspace]"

1. Install the dlt AI Workbench:

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dlt ai init --agent <your-agent> # <agent>: claude | cursor | codex

This installs project rules, a secrets management skill, appropriate ignore files, and configures the dlt MCP server for your agent. Learn more →

2. Install the rest-api-pipeline toolkit:

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dlt ai toolkit rest-api-pipeline install

This loads the skills and context about dlt the agent uses to build the pipeline iteratively, efficiently, and safely. The agent uses MCP tools to inspect credentials — it never needs to read your secrets.toml directly. Learn more →

3. Start LLM-assisted coding:

Use /find-source to load data from the gspread API into DuckDB.

The rest-api-pipeline toolkit takes over from here — it reads relevant API documentation, presents you with options for which endpoints to load, and follows a structured workflow to scaffold, debug, and validate the pipeline step by step.

4. Run the pipeline:

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python gspread_pipeline.py

If everything is configured correctly, you'll see output like this:

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Pipeline gspread_pipeline load step completed in 0.26 seconds
1 load package(s) were loaded to destination duckdb and into dataset gspread_data
The duckdb destination used duckdb:/gspread.duckdb location to store data
Load package 1749667187.541553 is LOADED and contains no failed jobs

Inspect your pipeline and data:

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dlt pipeline gspread_pipeline show

This opens the Pipeline Dashboard where you can verify pipeline state, load metrics, schema (tables, columns, types), and query the loaded data directly.

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Python pipeline example

This example loads values and spreadsheets from the gspread API into DuckDB. It mirrors the endpoint and data selector configuration from the table above:

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import dlt
from dlt.sources.rest_api import RESTAPIConfig, rest_api_resources

@dlt.source
def gspread_source(access_token=dlt.secrets.value):
    config: RESTAPIConfig = {
        "client": {
            "base_url": "https://sheets.googleapis.com/v4",
            "auth": {
                "type": "bearer",
                "access_token": access_token,
            },
        },
        "resources": [
            {"name": "values", "endpoint": {"path": "spreadsheets/{spreadsheetId}/values/{range}", "data_selector": "values"}},
            {"name": "spreadsheets", "endpoint": {"path": "spreadsheets/{spreadsheetId}", "data_selector": "sheets"}}
        ],
    }
    yield from rest_api_resources(config)


def get_data() -> None:
    pipeline = dlt.pipeline(
        pipeline_name="gspread_pipeline",
        destination="duckdb",
        dataset_name="gspread_data",
    )
    load_info = pipeline.run(gspread_source())
    print(load_info)

To add more endpoints, append entries from the resource table to the "resources" list using the same name, path, and data_selector pattern.

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How do I query the loaded data?

Once the pipeline runs, dlt creates one table per resource. You can query with Python or SQL.

Python (pandas DataFrame):

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import dlt

data = dlt.pipeline("gspread_pipeline").dataset()
sessions_df = data.values.df()
print(sessions_df.head())

SQL (DuckDB example):

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SELECT * FROM gspread_data.values LIMIT 10;

In a marimo or Jupyter notebook:

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import dlt

data = dlt.pipeline("gspread_pipeline").dataset()
data.values.df().head()

See how to explore your data in marimo Notebooks and how to query your data in Python with dataset.

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What destinations can I load gspread data to?

dlt supports loading into any of these destinations — only the destination parameter changes:

Change the destination in dlt.pipeline(destination="snowflake") and add credentials in .dlt/secrets.toml. See the full destinations list.

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Next steps

Continue your data engineering journey with the other toolkits of the dltHub AI Workbench:

• data-exploration — Build custom notebooks, charts, and dashboards for deeper analysis with marimo notebooks.
• dlthub-runtime — Deploy, schedule, and monitor your pipeline in production.

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dlt ai toolkit data-exploration install
dlt ai toolkit dlthub-runtime install

• How to deploy a pipeline
• How to explore your data in marimo Notebooks
• How to query your data in Python with dataset
• Join the dlt community on Slack